A hacker is a person who breaks into computers and computer networks, either for profit or motivated by the challenge or for the purpose of getting illegitimate access to resources.
Hacker ethic is the generic phrase which describes the values and philosophy that are standard in the hacker community
Hacker Ethic was a “new way of life, with a philosophy, an ethic and a dream”. However, the elements of the Hacker Ethic were not openly debated and discussed; rather they were accepted and silently agreed upon.
The belief that information-sharing is a powerful positive good, and that it is an ethical duty of hackers to share their expertise by writing open-source code and facilitating access to information and to computing resources wherever possible.
2. The belief that system-cracking for fun and exploration is ethically OK as long as the cracker commits no theft, vandalism, or breach of confidentiality.
Both of these normative ethical principles are wide but by no means universally, accepted among hackers. Most hackers act on it by writing and giving away open-source software. A few go further and assert that all information should be free and any proprietary control of it is bad.
Some people consider the act of cracking itself to be unethical, like breaking and entering. But the belief that ‘ethical’ cracking excludes destruction at least moderates.
The most reliable manifestation of either version of the hacker ethic is that almost all hackers are actively willing to share technical tricks, software, and (where possible) computing resources with other hackers.
According to Pfaffenberger, Technology leads a double life, one which conforms to the intentions of designers and interests of power and another which contradicts them — proceeding behind the backs of their architects to yield unintended consequences and unintended possibilities… technologies rarely fulfil the fantasies of their creators.
But, as Pfaffenberger points out, hackers’ ‘outlaw’ or ‘electronic terrorist’ status may be overdrawn; hackers are often hired by the very companies they have sought to electronically break into; many if not most of them are already on a university-paved road to computer science success (though this ethnic and gender profile is slowly changing, along with the penalties for hacking).
References,
Wikipedia,
Google.
By,
A.Praveen Kumar,
CH09B003.
Hacker ethic is the generic phrase which describes the values and philosophy that are standard in the hacker community
Hacker Ethic was a “new way of life, with a philosophy, an ethic and a dream”. However, the elements of the Hacker Ethic were not openly debated and discussed; rather they were accepted and silently agreed upon.
The belief that information-sharing is a powerful positive good, and that it is an ethical duty of hackers to share their expertise by writing open-source code and facilitating access to information and to computing resources wherever possible.
2. The belief that system-cracking for fun and exploration is ethically OK as long as the cracker commits no theft, vandalism, or breach of confidentiality.
Both of these normative ethical principles are wide but by no means universally, accepted among hackers. Most hackers act on it by writing and giving away open-source software. A few go further and assert that all information should be free and any proprietary control of it is bad.
Some people consider the act of cracking itself to be unethical, like breaking and entering. But the belief that ‘ethical’ cracking excludes destruction at least moderates.
The most reliable manifestation of either version of the hacker ethic is that almost all hackers are actively willing to share technical tricks, software, and (where possible) computing resources with other hackers.
According to Pfaffenberger, Technology leads a double life, one which conforms to the intentions of designers and interests of power and another which contradicts them — proceeding behind the backs of their architects to yield unintended consequences and unintended possibilities… technologies rarely fulfil the fantasies of their creators.
But, as Pfaffenberger points out, hackers’ ‘outlaw’ or ‘electronic terrorist’ status may be overdrawn; hackers are often hired by the very companies they have sought to electronically break into; many if not most of them are already on a university-paved road to computer science success (though this ethnic and gender profile is slowly changing, along with the penalties for hacking).
References,
Wikipedia,
Google.
By,
A.Praveen Kumar,
CH09B003.
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